Centre for Promotion of sciences

EN - IT EN- New Belgrade is a city of our times, a city that was invented and planned in the course of the 20th century with a decisive modernist perspective. Soleil (sun), Verdure (greenery), Espace (space) as well as functional segregation together with the rules of CIAM were main arguments of New Belgrade. Now, 60 years later, how do we read New Belgrade and how do we want to continue its construction? We decided on a few very simple spatial tools, all of them in close discourse with principles of modernism. Firstly, we are opting for an elevated city detached from the ground. Only pillars and elements of circulation shall touch the ground. We are proposing a floating city, very much in the manner of Le Corbusier’s 5 points of architecture, buildings on piles leaving the entire ground free. Secondly, the entire site is usable and accessible by everybody. Buildings do not block vision and movement. The terrain will be occupied by a multitude of different vegetation, exotic and local plants, waterways, bike routes and a jogging path. The functional segregation of the modernist movement is replaced by the complexity of simultaneity. Below the ground, there is a slab of parking and serving functions. The ground level is covered by a variety of vegetation and allows for a city of pedestrians. 65% of the site is green and almost all of the ground level allows for free vision. A high density of program is possible. As a model of reference we propose the Jussieu Campus of Sorbonne University in Paris. The Jussieu Campus is composed of a grid of courtyards each measuring 33m x 48m and the entire block is elevated, leaving free a ground floor zone of approx. 5m in height. Thus all the spaces of the different courtyards are interconnected and a spatial flow between the courtyards is produced. The basic measurements of 33m x 48m of the Jussieu Campus are adopted for Blok 39 in Belgrade. The urban program for Blok 39 provides for a ground zone of 6m in height to be kept free. Space shall flow from the frame of one courtyard to the other. To heighten the flow of spaces, the bottom view is slightly undulating, consequently producing a strong plasticity of spaces and a variety of unexpected courtyard profiles. GENERAL CONCEPT OF THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF THE CFPOS The Center for Promotion of Sciences in Belgrade is detached from the ground. Following the urban concept, it is a building floating high above the ground. It operates on 3 levels. Firstly, on the level of the City of Belgrade it will be an optimistic sign positioned on one of the main routes of the city. Secondly, for Blok 39, it will be sign, canopy and portico. Thirdly, as a building programmed to promote the sciences it displays and plays on visions of technology and construction. The architectural language of the center will strongly be one of technology and the display of structural principles. All exterior surfaces are of a simple character. A special role is given to the underside of the center; it will have mirroring qualities, able to reflect all the movement on the ground as well as the visitor who, by entering the center, is penetrating the reflections of the earth’s surface. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONAL AND SPATIAL RELATIONS OF CFPOS The Center for Promotion of Sciences is composed as an architectural promenade. All visitors arrive in the CFPOS’s outdoor area, below the protective canopy of the CFPOS to which the parking garage also opens. The outdoor area is a very generous open space, serving not only as the entry platform to the CFPOS but also as the entry pavilion to the University on Blok 39. Here you find resting areas, an outdoor bar, spots to meet, spots for discussion and the enclosed Science Garden, all these protected from the noise of the highway by green berms. Entering the main exhibition spaces of the CFPOS can be very fast. An array of express elevators allows access to all levels and functions independently. However, it is more important to understand the process of entering and leaving the building as a ceremony where one gradually uses the stairs or ramps from the open parking garage to the ground level, takes a first coffee at the outdoor bar, relaxes in the park under the protection of the canopy and gradually walks up the ramps, to the lobby, shop, cafe and further to exhibition spaces and a planetarium, lecture hall, restaurant and science club, all of them grouped around the roof terrace. Entering and walking around the building should be an event in itself. All functions, even the generous roof terrace, can be accessed independently. Exhibition spaces are placed on a large open platform around the workshop. All goods and exhibition pieces can be brought in fast and directly via a freight elevator from the parking garage. STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND MATERIALS USED The CFPOS is an elevated frame construction with prestressed bubble decks. These voided biaxial flat slabs allow wide spans without losing the benefits of concrete slabs. Compared to a solid slab the reduced amount of concrete leads to less accelerated seismic mass and reduced energy use and carbon emissions. The simply designed and therefore cost-efficient steel superstructure easily supports the central complex without leading to seismic vulnerability. Auger piles or diaphragm walls provide the basis of the steel superstructure. Steel superstructure: 4 tripods: steel pipes d = 800 mm / d = 1000 mm, main columns and struts between the slabs: steel pipes d = 600 Bubble decks: flat concrete slab with void formers, prestressed for optimal performance. h=750 mm. Deadload reduction by 30% compared to a solid concrete slab without losing fire safety and sound insulation benefits. Stairways and additional structures like the dome theater and the conference hall can easily be suspended or supported. Deformation under quasi-permanent load combination: The pre-stressed biaxial hollow deck has excellent displacement behavior and is within the recommended range of the Eurocode. Deformation under seismic loads: Although the building is elevated, the supporting steel superstructure ensures good seismic behavior. Additional bracings will enhance the behavior of the dome theater and the conference hall (see diagrams and description on presentation boards). Materials: The rough sculptural quality and the unorthodox massing are the main features of the building. These qualities allow for a modest and simple treatment of surfaces. The materials proposed are steel, concrete, glass, perforated steel membranes as shading devices, simple monochrome cladding of the exterior skin, wooden decks for the terraces and roof gardens, and light wall construction for the exterior walls. The underside of the CFPOS will be covered by a low-key mirroring membrane. The exhibition spaces have an industrial quality and – except for the rough sculptural quality in terms of volume and light – the emphasis is on the exhibition settings. IT - Il Ministero della Scienza e dello Sviluppo Tecnologico della Repubblica Serba ha nominato il team dell’architetto ausriaco Wolfgang Tschapeller vincitore del concorso internazionale per la progettazione del futuro e dello sviluppo urbano dell’area costruendo Parco Scientifico nel Blok 39 di in Serbia. Pianificata a tavolino e costruita nel 1947 sulla riva sinistra del fiume Sava, di fronte alla vecchia Belgrado, Novi Beograd (o Nuova Belgrado), è il più popolato tra i 17 comuni che costituiscono la città di Belgrado nonchè il centro più popoloso della Serbia. Con quasi 400mila cittadini, oltre 200 grattacieli e 600 edifici residenziali, da molti definito “la Manhattan di Serbia”, il centro urbano è divenuto negli ultimi anni il nuovo polo finanziario della città. Il Centro per la Promozione della Scienza sorgerà nel cosidetto Blok 39, area urbana destinata a funzionare come parco scientifico della città, sede di istituti di ricerca, università e imprese produttrici di beni ad alto tasso tecnologico. “Nel nostro progetto il Centro ha sede in un edificio sopraelevato, distribuito su tre livelli. Posizionato su una delle vie principali di Novi Beograd,esso sarà in primo luogo un simbolo di ottimismo per la città intera. Per il Blok 39 sarà un segno, una copertura e un portico. Inoltre, in quanto edificio progettato per la promozione delle scienze, la struttura sarà connotata da un linguaggio architettonico fortemente tecnologico, ed i suoi principi strutturali verranno mostrati e spiegati ai visitatori dell’edificio. Un ruolo particolare è giocato dalla alla parte inferiore del centro: una suggestiva superficie specchiante, in grado di riflettere i movimenti dei visitatori attorno al volume “fluttuante”, spiegano dal team di Wolfgang Tschapeller. Quanto al progetto per lo sviluppo urbano del Parco Scientifico nel Blok 39, “Novi Beograd è una città inventata e pianificata nel corso del ventestimo secolo, con una prospettiva architettonica decisamente modernista- si legge nella relazione di progetto. Per il nuovo piano di sviluppo urbano abbiamo scelto pochi semplici soluzioni spaziali, in continuità con i principi del modernismo. In primo luogo, abbiamo pensato a una città sopraelevata, staccata da terra. Solo pilastri ed elementi di circolazione toccheranno il suolo. Immaginiamo una città galleggiante, con gli edifici posati su pilotis, ed il suolo lasciato completamente libero da qualsiasi costruzione. L'intero sito dev’essere aperto e accessibile a tutti. Gli edifici non bloccano la visione e il movimento. Il terreno è piantumato con una moltitudine di specie vegetali, piante esotiche e locali, corsi d’acqua, percorsi ciclabili e itinerari per lo jogging. La segregazione funzionale del movimento modernista è sostituita dalla complessità della simultaneità. Una piastra sotterranea accoglie parcheggio e funzioni di servizio. Il 65% del sito sarà verde”. Project Team: Wolfgang Tschapeller, Jesper Bork, Simon Oberhammer, Gregor Holzinger, Gonzalo Vaíllo Martínez Consultants: Structural engineer: Werkraum Wien, Peter Bauer, Thomas Eschbacher www.werkraumwien.at Management Support Architektur Consult ZT GmbH www.archconsult.com, Armin Hess www.isochrom.com