'Palacio del Sol' Eco-Hall | Luis de Garrido

"PALACIO DEL SOL" ECO-HALL 2004 Requena City Council Requena. Valencia 5,850 m2 54,753,000 euros ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... 1. Most Important Goals - Designing an Exhibition Sports Center to serve with high functional ability and spatial reconfiguration. - Designing a building that is an extension of the field. That is, the building should be seen as a continuation of the land, as a dune in the desert. Thus the building has only two fronts: the north side and the south facade. - Planning a system for displaying images through a curtain of water (water-screen), integrated into the building. - Designing a building with infinite life. That is, a building consisting of a set of architectural components assembled so that all can be recovered, repaired, reused, or replaced with ease. Thus, the building can be preserved forever, reduce, enlarge, update, or add new architectural elements in the future. - Designing a building with a composite structure based on modular elements, which are assembled on site simply by screws. Despite being an isostatic structure, and have a very limited capacity to absorb perfect fixed-end moments at the nodes, behaves perfectly, particularly due to its interlocking design. Thus, it can meet all kinds of external actions vertical, horizontal and random (it has a perfect performance against earthquakes). - Projecting a removable structure, based on lightweight concrete elements. These items are made in the factory, they are easily transportable (no need for special transportation), and assembled on site with ease, despite its weight. - Achieving a perfect balance between the need to give the building a large thermal mass, and the desire to recover and reuse every one of its components. Therefore, we have chosen a structural system based on lightweight concrete slabs, oversized. These plates are joined together by bolts and welds in metallic elements embedded and twinned in the concrete mass of each architectural element. 2. Architectural Solution The project's first objective is to integrate fully, in every sense, the building on the natural environment. Therefore, from a formal point of view, the building is designed as a curved folding field. Like a desert dune. Thus, the resulting building only has two facades, the north and south. In winter, open the shading of the south facade and the building is illuminated and heated by direct sunlight. In contrast, in summer, sunscreens are closed from the south side, so that the building is kept cool, and is illuminated by indirect sunlight overhead, and from the north. The huge wave of building houses an airy interior space, which can be easily reconfigured to accommodate any type of function inside. Initially, the main objective of the building is to house various local and national shows (such as Fair sausage). However, the building can be reconfigured to house a sports hall, function rooms, mass entertainment, etc .... The roof of the building is a continuous curve of the field, and incorporates a plantation of vines, which is one of the most common farm environment. Wine is a symbol of Requena, along with the sausage, and other cultural activities. At the top of the "wave" is the solar tower, which houses a set of solar thermal sensors to power the underfloor heating the building. 3. Sustainable Analysis 1. Resource Optimization 1.1. Natural Resources. They take full advantage of resources like the sun (to heat the building), the breeze, the land (to cool the building), rain water (stored in underground tanks and used for watering the garden and for flushing bathrooms), ... .. On the other hand, has installed water saving devices on taps, showers and flush toilets. 1.2. Resources made. The materials used are maximized, reducing potential waste through proper project, effective management, and above all, because each component of the building has been individually built at the factory. 1.3. Resources recovered, reused and recycled. All building materials may be recoverable, including all elements of the foundation and structure. Thus, can be easily repaired, and reused in the mime building, or in any other. On the other hand, has promoted the use of recycled and recyclable materials. 2. Decreased energy consumption 2.1. Construction. The building has been constructed with minimal energy consumption. The materials used were manufactured with a minimum amount of energy, since all components are factory, with complete control. On the other hand, the building is constructed with very few assistive devices, being fully industrialized. 2.2. Use Due to their bioclimatic characteristics, the building has a zero energy consumption from renewable energies. 2.3. Dismantling The vast majority of materials used can be recovered easily. On the other hand, the building is designed to have indefinite durability, since all the building components are easily recoverable, repairable and replaceable. 3. Using alternative energy sources The energy used is of two types: solar thermal (solar heating captors and the ACS, and evaporation of water to air cooling) and geothermal (fresh air system leveraging existing underground low temperatures in the lower galleries the floor slab of the building). 4. Reduced waste and emissions The building does not generate any emissions, and does not generate any waste other than organic. 5. Improving health and wellbeing All materials used are environmentally friendly and healthy and have no emissions that can affect human health. Similarly, the building is naturally ventilated, and maximizing natural light, creating a healthy environment and provides the best possible quality of life for its occupants. 6. Reduced price of the building and maintenance The building was designed in a rational way, removing unnecessary items, unnecessary or gratuitous, allowing construction to a conventional price, despite the ecological equipment includes. 4. Bioclimatic characteristics 1.1. Heat Generation Systems The building is heated by itself, in two ways: 1. Avoiding cool: Due to its high thermal insulation and proper disposal of the glass surfaces. 2. Because of his careful and special bioclimatic design, and perfect NS orientation, the building is heated by the greenhouse effect, direct sunlight and solar radiant floor heating, and stays warm for a long time, due to its high thermal inertia. 1.2. Fresh Generation Systems The building itself is cool, in three ways: 1. Avoiding heat, providing most of the glass surface to the south (disposing of sunscreens for the direct and indirect solar radiation), and providing adequate insulation. The roof garden, with 30 cm. land, helps maintain a stable temperature inside the building throughout the year. 2. Cooling by a cooling system architectural air through underground tunnels. On the other hand, due to high thermal inertia of the building, the accumulated fresh overnight stays for almost the entire next day. 3. Evacuating the hot air outside the building, through solar chimneys located on the top of the central area. 3. Storage systems (heat or cool) The heat generated during the day in winter (greenhouse effect, direct sunlight and solar radiant floor) is accumulated in the floors and interior bearing walls of high thermal inertia. Thus, the building remains warm throughout the night without any energy consumption. The cool night generated during the summer (for natural ventilation and outside due to lower temperature) is accumulated in the floors and interior bearing walls of high thermal inertia. Thus, the building remains cool throughout the day without any energy consumption. The roof garden (about 30 cm. Of land) high thermal inertia, as well as adequate isolation, helps maintain stable temperatures inside the building in winter and summer. 4. Transfer systems (heat or cool). As the building has one room, are not necessary heat transfer systems or fresh. 5. Natural ventilation The ventilation of the building is continuously and naturally through the tunnel under the floor slab. In winter, outside air enters through the hatches to the south. Enter the tunnels and begin to heat up. Then preheat the outside air is introduced inside the floor slab, which completely covers and warm and enters the building at the opposite end. This ensures a continuous ventilation without energy loss. In summer, outside air enters through the hatches to the north. Cool in the underground galleries, and placed inside the floor slab. The cool air is still more to go through the floor slab. Thus, as air is introduced into the building cool without energy loss. 5. Highlights Innovations - Achieve a transparent multi-purpose building, a large surface area capable of accommodating virtually every kind of activities (fairs, exhibitions, sports, offices, meetings, educational activities, ...). - Achieve a building with an indefinite life cycle. - Achieve a 100% industrial building, in which all components can be recovered, repaired and reused indefinitely. - Achieving a zero energy building, non-renewable energy. - Achieving a rational arrangement of solar thermal sensors staggered, so that in winter with an absolute return in the summer and become part shade each other, preventing serious problems due to excessive generation of unnecessary hot water generated