Guaita Eco-House | Luis de Garrido

Guaita Eco-House 2001 Juan Guaita Chiva. Urbanización El Bosque. Valencia 323'60 m2 240,000 euros ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .... 1. Most Important Goals - Designing a home with a bioclimatic architectural high efficiency, despite being built on a plot on the northern slope of a hill. Therefore, we want to show that, regardless of the shape and orientation of a site, you can build a building with a good bioclimatic behavior. - Perform an integration exercise bioclimatic housing and a pool. You can access the pool water directly from the Central Conservatory, without going outside, and in turn the pool remains independent of the home, not to increase their level of humidity and prevent condensation. The pool water is heated by solar thermal captors that heat the house. - Experimenting with new eco-friendly materials, such as those based panels crushed almond shells, mortars monolayer organic, natural stone cladding ventilated chamber, inverted roofs with stone, etc ... .. 2. Architectural Solution The plot has a steep slope and is situated on the northern slope of a hill, with magnificent views. This situation greatly complicates the design bioclimatic housing, and solar inputs difficult. To remedy the situation has made a major excavation of land to the south of the site, and the pool has been arranged here. The ground gained was shifted to the north, in order to raise the housing. This will accomplish several things at once: 1) the solar home can have contributions from the south, 2) ensuring the privacy of the pool, and 3) improve the view of the housing to the north. The housing structure is a reinterpretation of Spanish courtyard. The rooms are arranged around a central courtyard covered. Thus, the house stays cool in summer (when opening the upper windows of the patio, hot air is removed by chimney effect), and stays warm in winter (when closed the glass top patio, it becomes a gases). 3. Sustainable Analysis 1. Resource Optimization 1.1. Natural Resources. They take full advantage of resources such as the sun (to heat the house), the breeze, the land (to cool the housing), rain water (for watering the garden and flushing toilets), ... .. 1.2. Resources made. The materials used are maximized, reducing potential waste through proper project and effective management. On the other hand, proper housing design, based on load-bearing walls, can be built with little supporting resources. 1.3. Resources recovered, reused and recycled. The vast majority of housing materials may be recoverable. On the other hand, has promoted the use of recycled and recyclable materials. 2. Decreased energy consumption 2.1. Construction. The house is built with minimal energy consumption. The materials used were manufactured with a minimum amount of energy. On the other hand, housing has been built with little supporting resources, and with very little labor. 2.2. Use Due to its characteristics bioclimatic housing has a very low energy consumption standard. The house is heated greenhouse with floor heating water heated by solar captors, with the support of a biomass boiler. Similarly, hot water is generated through solar thermal captors. Therefore, energy consumption is very low (about 20% of consumption of a conventional house of the same surface). The house is cooled by geothermal architectural systems, mechanical systems and requires no packaging, so no energy consumption. 2.3. Dismantling The vast majority of materials used can be recovered easily (once the life of the building) to be reused in the construction of another building (flooring, woodwork, glass, wood beams, girders, deck, walkways, cabinets, wood panel coatings, sunscreens, health ...). On the other hand, housing is projected to have a high durability and life cycle of hundreds of years, since all components are easily serviceable housing. 3. Using alternative energy sources The energy used is of two types: solar thermal (solar heating captors and the ACS, and evaporation of water to air cooling) and geothermal (fresh air system taking advantage of low temperature at 2 meters underground, in the galleries below the floor slab of the house). 4. Reduced waste and emissions Housing does not generate any emissions (except those issued by the biomass boiler, the few times that its use is necessary), and does not generate any waste, except organic. Some of these household waste are used again to treat them accordingly (gray water for watering the garden). 5. Improving health and wellbeing All materials used are environmentally friendly and healthy and have no emissions that can affect human health. Similarly, the house is naturally ventilated, and maximizes natural lighting (through automation control, artificial lighting can not be used as long as natural lighting), which creates a healthy environment and provides the best quality possible life for building occupants. 6. Reduced price of the building and maintenance The house has been designed in a rational way, removing unnecessary items, unnecessary or gratuitous, allowing construction to a conventional price, despite the ecological equipment includes. 4. Bioclimatic Characteristics 1.1. Heat Generation Systems The house is heated by itself in two ways: 1. Avoiding cool: Due to its high thermal insulation and proper disposal of the glass surfaces. 2. Because of his careful and special bioclimatic design, and perfect NS orientation, housing is heated by the greenhouse effect, direct sunlight and solar radiant floor heating, and stays warm for a long time, due to its high thermal inertia. 1.2. Fresh Generation Systems Housing cools itself in three ways: 1. Avoiding heat, providing most of the glass surface just to the south and west, providing sun protection for the direct and indirect solar radiation, and providing adequate insulation. 2. Cooling by a cooling system architectural air through underground tunnels. On the other hand, due to high thermal inertia of the building, the accumulated fresh overnight stays for almost the entire next day. The fact that housing is partially buried possible that tends to stay fresh, and even temperature, throughout the year. 3. Evacuating the hot air outside the housing through the upper windows of the central covered courtyard. The slant of the roof enhances the natural convection and provides an effective "chimney effect" to extract the hot air inside the house. 3. Storage systems (heat or cool) The heat generated during the day in winter it accumulates in the floors and load-bearing walls, keeping the house warm during the night. Similarly, the cool night generated during the summer up in the floors and load-bearing walls, keeping the house cool during the day. The roof garden high thermal inertia, reinforces this process. 4. Transfer systems (heat or cool). The heat generated by natural radiation emissions and is distributed in the form of hot air throughout the building from the Central Conservatory. Similarly, the system of floor heating extends throughout the house. The heat accumulated in the load-bearing walls is transmitted to the radiation side stays. The cool air generated in the underground galleries for housing is distributed through a set of grids spread over the slab of the house. On the other hand, fresh air rises through the central courtyard and through all the rooms through the vents of the Interior doors. 5. Natural ventilation The ventilation of the building is continuously and naturally through the very walls of enclosures, allowing adequate ventilation without energy loss. 5. Eco-friendly materials 1. Foundations and structure. Wall of two leaves. The inner leaf is the load-bearing wall of concrete blocks 20 cm. thickness (with high thermal inertia). The blade is hollow brick exterior of 7 cm. Inside there is a double sheet of hemp insulation layer of 5 cm. and a ventilated air space of 3 cm. (In some parts of the facade exterior sheet has been made out of almond shells panels of 13 mm. Thick, arranged by battens, including a hemp insulation layer of 5 cm, and a ventilated air space of 2 cm.) semiviguetas Forged prestressed and concrete vaults. 2. Exterior finishes Silicate paint. Panels manufactured from almond shells and natural resins. 3. Interior finishes Paintings vegetables. Flooring tile porcelain tile. Double panel doors chipboard, veneer beech wood and treated with vegetable oils. 4. Cover The roof garden has an average thickness of 25 cm. of land. The sloping roof is made out of a board "sandwich" consisting of three sheets: a Viroc board (wood chips with cement) of 13 mm. thick, black layer of cork (from bark of cork oak forests on fire) of 100 mm. thick, and a birch plywood board of 13 mm. thick. This board "sandwich" is covered by a tarpaulin and corrugated iron. The beams are made of Ipe stained and treated with vegetable oils. 5. Others Polypropylene water pipes. Polyethylene drainage pipes. Energy-efficient appliances. Silestone kitchen countertops antibacterial. Walls and floors of high performance glass (anti-scratch, slip, easy cleaning, special screen ...). Iroko wood carpentry treated with vegetable oils. Cotton canvas awnings. Shading Iroko solid wood, treated with vegetable oils. All woods used have a certificate of origin with selective logging and ecological treatment (FSC). 6. Highlights Innovations - Ventilated facades using panels manufactured from crushed almond shells and plant resins. - Home automation control system of last generation, and integrated multimedia systems in the home. - Correct bioclimatic architectural integration of a house with a pool. - Reinterpretation bioclimatic housing with an interior courtyard, which becomes a greenhouse in winter and a summer refresher.